Researchers discover “language gene” - The fact that we can speak today is probably thanks to a single gene mutation

A single gene may have played a crucial role in humans developing language : In a recent study, scientists have discovered that a specific genetic change in the NOVA1 gene may have contributed to humans' complex language abilities.

The team examined the differences between modern humans, Neanderthals and Denisovans and discovered a mutation in NOVA1 that is only found in modern humans. This change may have contributed to the neural networks for language and communication evolving differently than in its extinct relatives.

To study the effects of the mutation, the scientists created genetically modified mice that had the human version of the NOVA1 gene implanted. They then analyzed the behavior and genetic processes in the brains of these mice.

What was particularly striking was that the animals showed altered vocalizations: the structure of their calls differed from those of normal mice. This indicates a direct connection between the mutation and the ability to communicate.

According to the study, the modified mice showed slightly altered neuronal activity in areas of the brain that are important for language and communication. This adaptation may have led to the development of the ability to speak language in human evolution.

Genetic analysis revealed that the mutation in NOVA1 is present in almost all modern humans, suggesting that this change occurred early in evolution and likely provided selective advantages.

The study compared the gene to other genetic changes that may be crucial for human abilities such as abstract thinking and social interaction.

According to the researchers, the experiment shows that genetic changes can cause even small differences in behavior and communication. This underlines the theory that mutations in a few key genes could have enabled the development of language.

In contrast, NOVA1 may have played a more important role because it is directly linked to neural processes responsible for the control and coordination of vocalizations. The study authors explain that the mutation in NOVA1 interferes deeply with mammalian neural development.

The results of this study offer new perspectives for research into human language development. While previous work has focused on anatomical changes in the larynx and breathing, research on NOVA1 shows that genetic factors may have played a larger role than previously thought.

According to the scientists, similar genetic mechanisms could also be responsible for other cognitive abilities in humans. Future research will examine whether the altered NOVA1 gene also leads to more complex communication patterns in other animals.

These findings could not only deepen our understanding of the evolution of language, but also provide new approaches for treating language disorders. In future experiments, the researchers plan to specifically investigate how this gene mutation affects neuronal networking and whether it also has similar effects in human brain cells.

• The NOVA1 gene may have played a crucial role in the development of human language, as a specific mutation affecting the neural networks for communication occurs only in modern humans.
• Scientists have recreated this mutation in mice and found that their vocalizations changed, indicating a direct link between genetics and language ability.
• The results of the study show that genetic changes such as these may have played a key role in the evolution of language and human cognitive development.

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